Virus de l'herpès simplex 2 (HSV 2)

HSV-2 recurring outbreaks will generally occur in the genital region. Herpes type 2 is believed to be a painful and dangerous infection that affects people with an “overly active sex life. This couldn’t be more false. Genital Herpes can infect anyone who has sex, even if only once. An estimated 25% of adults from varying backgrounds, income levels and ethnic groups have Herpes type 2 causing genital herpes. Herpes type 2 is often so mild that an estimated two thirds of those infected don’t even realize they have it. Herpes type 2 rarely causes complications and more rarely spreads to other parts of the body. Herpes type 2 is the most common cause of neonatal herpes (herpes in the newly born baby), a rare but often dangerous and potentially fatal condition that affects newborns. Herpes type 2 oral infections are very rare and in those few known cases, recurring outbreaks are extremely rare. HSV-2 is associated with genital infection (herpes genitalis or genital herpes).

Cela se passe en trois étapes

• Symptômes prodromiques
• Sore apparaît
• La lésion commence à guérir, généralement sans cicatrice

Chez l’homme, les lésions peuvent se produire sur l’arbre du pénis, dans la région génitale, à l’intérieur de la cuisse, des fesses ou de l’anus. Chez les femmes, des lésions peuvent apparaître au pubis, aux lèvres, au clitoris, à la vulve, aux fesses ou à l'anus ou à proximité. Cela peut nécessiter un examen très minutieux. par exemple, lors de la livraison, un examen à l'aide d'une lampe de poche peut être nécessaire.

L'apparition de lésions herpétiques et la survenue d'épidémies dans ces régions varient énormément d'un individu à l'autre. Les lésions d'herpès sur / près des organes génitaux peuvent ressembler à   boutons de fièvre . Une éclosion peut ressembler à une coupure de papier, à des irritations ou à une infection à levures.   Symptômes d'une épidémie génitale   peut inclure des douleurs dans la région, des écoulements du pénis ou du vagin et une gêne lors de la miction.

Initial outbreaks are usually more severe than subsequent ones, and generally also involve flu-like symptoms and swollen glands for a week or so. Subsequent outbreaks tend to be periodic or episodic, typically occur four to five times a year, and can be triggered by stress, illness, fatigue, menstruation, and other changes. The virus sequesters in the nerve ganglia that serve the infected dermatome during non-eruptive periods, where it cannot be conventionally eliminated by the body’s immune system.

Women are more susceptible to acquiring genital HSV-2 than men. On an annual basis, without the use of anti-viral preparations or condoms, the transmission risk from infected male to female is approximately 8-10%. This is believed to be due to the increased exposure of mucosal tissue to potential infection sites. Transmission risk from infected female to male is approximately 4-5% annually. Suppressive antiviral therapy reduces these risks by 50%. Anti-viral preparations also help prevent the development of symptomatic HSV in infection scenarios by about 50%, meaning the infected partner will be seropositive but symptom free. Condom use also reduces the transmission risk by 50%. Condom use is much more effective at preventing male to female transmission than vice-versa. The effects of combining antiviral and condom use is roughly additive, thus resulting in approximately a 75% combined reduction in annual transmission risk. It is important to note that these figures reflect experiences with subjects having frequently recurring genital herpes, subjects with low recurrence rates and those with no clinical manifestations were excluded from these studies.

Effets du virus de type herpès simplex 2 (HSV 2)

The HSV-2 herpes virus is more virulent, affects the lower half of the body, and tends to remain dormant in the sacral ganglia. It can also produce aseptic meningitis and neuralgias along the genitocrural, sciatic and obturator nerves due to radiculomyelopathy. The pain radiates from the hip downwards and forwards to the upper thighs and groins. Herpetic Whitlow or nailbed infection, meningitis, encephalitis, Hepatitis, etc. are rarely seen manifestations of the virus and tend to occur only in the immunocompromised individuals. Eventually the patient can succumb to these pathologies.